THE SARADHA SCAM

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  THE SARADHA SCAM.  Sudipta Sen, the chief architect of the over Rs 2,000-crore Saradha chit fund scam, parked hard earned investor funds into loss-making companies to convert huge black money into white, a probe report has revealed.

The Enforcement Directorate  which is probing the chitfund scam under the anti-money laundering laws, has detected it was a “common practice” deployed by Sudipta to channel the criminal proceeds of the scam into loss-making companies so as to “distance the original tainted source from the money generated by the companies Saradha firms which collected money from investors

“It appears that the investments in these properties (sick units) are shown only for regularising the crime proceeds as mobilised by the four companies of the Saradha group in cash, which actually is the placement of the crime proceeds,” a probe report filed by the agency in a court said.“These investments were done on behalf of the company Saradha Realty but were ultimately enjoyed by Sudipta personally. This clearly appears the laundering of the public money mobilised from the common masses on the false promise of lucrative returns,” the report, accessed by PTI

The ED probe found a considerable part of every purchased asset, movable or immovable, was further paid in cash to many of the sellers of the properties for evading stamp duties and for other reasons best known to Sudipta.

Thus, it can be presumed that in cases where a part payment has been made initially and no further payment has been made for a long interval, payments could have been made in cash the agency said after close to two years of its investigation in the case, indicating the method of generation of black money in the scam.

THE KETAN PAREKH SCAM

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The Ketan Parekh Scam                                                                                                                              

The Ketan Parekh scam was the second most important scam that rocked the Bombay Stock Exchange after the Harshad Mehta scam. To make matters worse, Ketan Parekh was himself a proof of Harshad Mehta and had learned stock trading from the pied piper of Bombay Stock Exchange himself. As a result, he was able to achieve a similar feat as compared to what Mehta himself had accomplished.

When he was believed to be single hand driving the stock market. The low profile Indian stock market was suddenly once again making headlines all over the world. Later it turned out that it was broker turned operator Ketan Parekh that was driving the market and not changes in the fundamentals .Ketan Parekh was a proof of Harshad Mehta. However, in his demeanor he was nothing like Mr Mehta. He was a soft spoken, unassuming guy that you would mistake for being an average person on the street. However, in reality his associates and competitors describe him as being particularly shrewd and ruthless. Unlike, other brokers, there would be no build up or warning of Ketan Parekh’s moves. He would take the market by storm and raise or drop the prices of stocks in an instant by suddenly unleashing lots of money in the market.Ketan Parekh had a cover story to back his unscrupulous dealings and throw skeptics off track. He was said to be a believer of the Information, Communication and Entertainment sector i.e. the ICE sector. This was nothing special given the fact that late 90’s and early 2000’s were the time when the IT boom took place and these were the stocks which were actually growing by leaps and bounds worldwide .Ketan Parekh was looking out forstock which had low market  capitalization and liquidity .He would then pump money into these shares and start fictitious trading within his own network of companies. The average person on the bourses may begin to believe that his stocks were rising and they too would start investing driving the prices even higher. Then, as the market took over Ketan Parekh would liquidate his holdings slowly, once again making less noise than his mentor Harshad Mehta would have done.

lalanshusekhar@gmail.comUNETHICAL BUSINESS PRACTICES BY APPLE COMPANY                                                            Apple organization like any other business organization is required by the law to function according to the stipulated ethics so as to respond effectively to both internal and external triggers of change. These ethics are important in an organization since it expresses the values an organization has to its workers and to the general public. The elements which have contributed to this organizations excellent performance in the competitive market include respect for the clients, honesty and trust among other ethics. These ethics have contributed to Apple’s organization overall performance through influencing its employees ways of thinking, building trust within the organization and their customers and developing goal oriented culture in the organization hence, its excellent performance in the electronics market 

Upholding of the labor and human rights to promote dignity are some of the ethical principles of the Apple organization. This is achieved through treating its employees with dignity and respecting their varied needs and backgrounds to promote organization’s productivity and unity at the workplace. Other ethical codes in this organization include, anti discrimination (basing on race, age gender or color), fair remuneration, prevention of forced labor, prevention of under-aged labor, provision of adequate working hours( 60 hours per week), freedom of association within the organization among other ethics which govern the behavior of the employees in the organization .

Despite these reputations linked with the Apple organization, the organization has been associated with various unethical behaviors which have contributed negatively to the company’s provision of their products and services to their customers. The company should function in a way that is acceptable in the society and engage in organization’s activities which contribute to the overall economic stability and protection of the environment (Lusted, 2012). Therefore, this paper tries to analyze in detail the unethical behaviors which have been associated with the Apple Company, and try to identify some of the effects which are likely to contribute to these unethical behaviors. The analysis is done taking into consideration the MAN 2100 which stipulates the ethical responsibilities which the organization should uphold.

One of the unethical behaviors of the Apple Company is the violation of their employees’ rights and labor laws. This is evidenced by the long working hours its employees have to perform their tasks. For instance, audits done in the company revealed that the employees were working in the company for a duration of more than 60 hours a week and some employees working in the organization for a duration of more than six days in a week. Additionally, the company is involved in the employment of children who are less than 15 years and providing false information in their records. The employees are paid less wages as compared to the duration of their working hence, violating their rights which is unethical 

Additionally, the company engages in innovations which are considered unethical according to the MAN 2100 regulation on organization’s responsibilities. The employees responsible for marketing these innovations are required by the organization work for long periods of time causing burn out and exhaustion to these employees. Employees have faced incidences of injuries such as motion injuries, injuries due to exposure to toxic chemical substances and the provision of unhealthy working conditions at the pretext of promoting innovations contributing to the violation of the employees’ labor rights hence, engaging in unethical behaviors.